Imamat 4:13

For the Whole Congregation

4:13 “‘If the whole congregation of Israel strays unintentionally ¹  and the matter is not noticed by ²  the assembly, and they violate one of the Lord’s commandments, which must not be violated, ³  so they become guilty,

Imamat 4:27

For the Common Person

4:27 “‘If an ordinary individual ⁴  sins by straying unintentionally ⁵  when he violates one of the Lord’s commandments which must not be violated, ⁶  and he pleads guilty

Imamat 5:17

Unknown trespass

5:17 “If a person sins and violates any of the Lord’s commandments which must not be violated ⁷  (although he did not know it at the time, ⁸  but later realizes he is guilty), then he will bear his punishment for iniquity ⁹ 

Imamat 10:7

10:7 but you must not go out from the entrance of the Meeting Tent lest you die, for the Lord’s anointing oil is on you.” So they acted according to the word of Moses.

Imamat 17:3

17:3 “Blood guilt ¹⁰  will be accounted to any man ¹¹  from the house of Israel ¹²  who slaughters an ox or a lamb or a goat inside the camp or outside the camp, ¹³ 

Imamat 17:10

Prohibition against Eating Blood

17:10 “‘Any man ¹⁴  from the house of Israel or from the foreigners who reside ¹⁵  in their ¹⁶  midst who eats any blood, I will set my face against that person who eats the blood, and I will cut him off from the midst of his people, ¹⁷ 

Imamat 18:3

18:3 You must not do as they do in the land of Egypt where you have been living, ¹⁸  and you must not do as they do in the land of Canaan into which I am about to bring you; ¹⁹  you must not ²⁰  walk in their statutes.

Imamat 20:5-6

20:5 I myself will set my face against that man and his clan. I will cut off from the midst of their people both him and all who follow after him in spiritual prostitution, ²¹  to commit prostitution by worshiping Molech. ²² 

Prohibition against Spiritists and Mediums ²³ 

20:6 “‘The person who turns to the spirits of the dead and familiar spirits ²⁴  to commit prostitution by going after them, I will set my face ²⁵  against that person and cut him off from the midst of his people.

Imamat 20:20

20:20 If a man has sexual intercourse with his aunt, he has exposed his uncle’s nakedness; they must bear responsibility for their sin, they will die childless.

Imamat 22:16

22:16 and so cause them to incur a penalty for guilt ²⁶  when they eat their holy offerings, ²⁷  for I am the Lord who sanctifies them.’”

Imamat 24:15

24:15 Moreover, ²⁸  you are to tell the Israelites, ‘If any man curses his God ²⁹  he will bear responsibility for his sin,

Imamat 26:17

26:17 I will set my face against you. You will be struck down before your enemies, those who hate you will rule over you, and you will flee when there is no one pursuing you.

Imamat 26:39-41

Restoration through Confession and Repentance

26:39 “‘As for the ones who remain among you, they will rot away because of ³⁰  their iniquity in the lands of your enemies, and they will also rot away because of their ancestors’ ³¹  iniquities which are with them. 26:40 However, when ³²  they confess their iniquity and their ancestors’ iniquity which they committed by trespassing against me, ³³  by which they also walked ³⁴  in hostility against me ³⁵  26:41 (and I myself will walk in hostility against them and bring them into the land of their enemies), and ³⁶  then their uncircumcised hearts become humbled and they make up for ³⁷  their iniquity,

[4:13]  ¹ tn Heb “strays”; KJV “sin through ignorance.” The verb “strays” here is the verbal form of the noun in the expression “by straying” (see the note on Lev 4:2 above).

[4:13]  ² tn Heb “is concealed from the eyes of”; NASB, NRSV, NLT “escapes the notice of.”

[4:13]  ³ tn Heb “and they do one from all the commandments of the Lord which must not be done” (cf. v. 2).

[4:27]  ⁴ tn Heb “an individual from the people of the land”; cf. NASB “anyone of the common people” (KJV, ASV both similar); NAB “a private person.”

[4:27]  ⁵ tn Heb “If one person sins by straying, from the people of the land.” See Lev 4:2 for a note on “straying.”

[4:27]  ⁶ tn Heb “by doing it, one from the commandments of the Lord which must not be done.”

[5:17]  ⁷ tn Heb “and does one from all of the commandments of the Lord which must not be done.”

[5:17]  ⁸ tn The words “at the time” are not in the Hebrew text, but are implied.

[5:17]  ⁹ tn Heb “and he did not know, and he shall be guilty and he shall bear his iniquity” (for the rendering “bear his punishment [for iniquity]”) see the note on Lev 5:1.) This portion of v. 17 is especially difficult. The translation offered here suggests (as in many other English versions) that the offender did not originally know that he had violated the Lord’s commandments, but then came to know it and dealt with it accordingly (cf. the corresponding sin offering section in Lev 5:1-4). Another possibility is that it refers to a situation where a person suspects that he violated something although he does not recollect it. Thus, he brings a guilt offering for his suspected violation (J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:331-34, 361-63). See also R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 1:561-62.

[17:3]  ¹⁰ tn The complex wording of vv. 3-4 requires stating “blood guilt” at the beginning of v. 3 even though it is not mentioned until the middle of v. 4. The Hebrew text has simply “blood,” but in this case it refers to the illegitimate shedding of animal blood, similar to the shedding of the blood of an innocent human being (Deut 19:10, etc.). In order for it to be legitimate the animal must be slaughtered at the tabernacle and its blood handled by the priests in the prescribed way (see, e.g., Lev 1:5; 3:2, 17; 4:5-7; 7:26-27, etc.; cf. vv. 10-16 below for more details).

[17:3]  ¹¹ tn Heb “Man man.” The reduplication is way of saying “any man” (cf. Lev 15:2; 22:18, etc.). See the note on Lev 15:2.

[17:3]  ¹² tn The original LXX adds “or the sojourners who sojourn in your midst” (cf. Lev 16:29, etc., and note esp. 17:8, 10, and 13 below).

[17:3]  ¹³ tn Heb “or who slaughters from outside to the camp.”

[17:10]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “And man, man.” The repetition of the word “man” is distributive, meaning “any (or every) man” (GKC 395-96 §123.c; cf. Lev 15:2).

[17:10]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “from the sojourner who sojourns.”

[17:10]  ¹⁶ tc The LXX, Syriac, and Vulgate have “your” (plural) rather than “their.”

[17:10]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “I will give my faces against [literally “in”] the soul/person/life [נֶפֶשׁ, nefesh, feminine] who eats the blood and I will cut it [i.e., that נֶפֶשׁ, nefesh] off from the midst of its people.” The uses of נֶפֶשׁ in this and the following verse are most significant for the use of animal blood in Israel’s sacrificial system. Unfortunately, it is a most difficult word to translate accurately and consistently, and this presents a major problem for the rendering of these verses (see, e.g., G. J. Wenham, Leviticus [NICOT], 244-45). No matter which translation of נֶפֶשׁ one uses here, it is important to see that both man and animal have נֶפֶשׁ and that this נֶפֶשׁ is identified with the blood. See the further remarks on v. 11 below. On the “cutting off” penalty see the note on v. 4 above. In this instance, God takes it on himself to “cut off” the person (i.e., extirpation).

[18:3]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “As the work [or “deed”] of the land of Egypt, which you were dwelling in it, you must not do.”

[18:3]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “and as the work [or “deed”] of the land of Canaan which I am bringing you to there, you must not do.” The participle “I am bringing” is inceptive; the Lord is “about to” bring them into the land of Canaan, as opposed to their having dwelt previously in the land of Egypt (see the first part of the verse).

[18:3]  ²⁰ tn Heb “and you shall not walk.”

[20:5]  ²¹ tn The adjective “spiritual” has been supplied in the translation to clarify that this is not a reference to literal prostitution, but figuratively compares idolatry to prostitution.

[20:5]  ²² tn Heb “to commit harlotry after Molech.” The translation employs “worshiping” here for clarity (cf. NAB, NCV, TEV, CEV, NLT). On the “cut off” penalty see the note on Lev 7:20.

[20:6]  ²³ sn For structure and coherence in Lev 20:6-27 see the note on v. 27 below.

[20:6]  ²⁴ tn See the note on the phrase “familiar spirits” in Lev 19:31 above.

[20:6]  ²⁵ tn Heb “I will give my faces.”

[22:16]  ²⁶ tn Heb “iniquity of guilt”; NASB “cause them to bear punishment for guilt.” The Hebrew word עָוֹן (’avon, “iniquity”) can designate either acts of iniquity or the penalty (i.e., punishment) for such acts.

[22:16]  ²⁷ sn That is, when the lay people eat portions of offerings that should have been eaten only by priests and those who belonged to priestly households.

[24:15]  ²⁸ tn Heb “And.”

[24:15]  ²⁹ sn See the note on v. 11 above and esp. Exod 22:28 [27 HT].

[26:39]  ³⁰ tn Heb “in” (so KJV, ASV; also later in this verse).

[26:39]  ³¹ tn Heb “fathers’” (also in the following verse).

[26:40]  ³² tn Heb “And.” Many English versions take this to be a conditional clause (“if…”) though there is no conditional particle (see, e.g., NASB, NIV, NRSV; but see the very different rendering in B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 190). The temporal translation offered here (“when”) takes into account the particle אָז (’az, “then”), which occurs twice in v. 41. The obvious contextual contrast between vv. 39 and 40 is expressed by “however” in the translation.

[26:40]  ³³ tn Heb “in their trespassing which they trespassed in me.” See the note on Lev 5:15, although the term is used in a more technical sense there in relation to the “guilt offering.”

[26:40]  ³⁴ tn Heb “and also which they walked.”

[26:40]  ³⁵ tn Heb “with me.”

[26:41]  ³⁶ tn Heb “or then,” although the LXX has “then” and the Syriac “and then.”

[26:41]  ³⁷ tn Heb “and then they make up for.” On the verb “make up for” see the note on v. 34 above.